Ras in Hindi (रस): 9 Ras, Sthayi Bhav and Examples with Trick for SSC CGL, CHSL

Ras (रस) is the feeling or the joy that a reader or a listener gets from a poem, a story or a play. In SSC Hindi, the question is usually: "Find the ras in the given lines" or "What is the sthayi bhav of karun ras?" These ras in Hindi notes for SSC give the nine ras with their sthayi bhav, one example of each, and a simple trick to identify the ras.

Four Parts (Ang) of a Ras

Nine Ras and Their Sthayi Bhav

Some books add वात्सल्य रस (sthayi bhav: वत्सलता, the love of parents for the child) as the tenth ras, and भक्ति रस (sthayi bhav: देव-विषयक रति or अनुराग) as the eleventh. SSC questions can ask about them.

Examples of Each Ras

Trick to Identify the Ras

1. Read the lines and find the strongest feeling: love, laughter, sorrow, anger, courage, fear, disgust, wonder or peace.
2. Match that feeling with the sthayi bhav in the table.
3. Read the key words: मृत्यु, रोना, दुख for करुण; युद्ध, तलवार, साहस for वीर; मरघट, लाश, खून for वीभत्स; वन, अँधेरा, काँपना for भयानक.
4. Do not choose a ras only because of one word. Check the whole meaning of the lines.

Solved Examples

Example 1. वीर रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
The sthayi bhav of veer ras is उत्साह.

Example 2. "जुगुप्सा" किस रस का स्थायी भाव है?
It is the sthayi bhav of वीभत्स रस.

Example 3. "खूब लड़ी मर्दानी वह तो झाँसी वाली रानी थी" में कौन-सा रस है?
The lines describe courage in war, so the ras is वीर रस.

Example 4. शांत रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
The sthayi bhav of shant ras is निर्वेद.

Quick Tips

• Learn the table of 9 ras and their sthayi bhav by heart.
• Remember that वात्सल्य and भक्ति are accepted as extra ras by many books.
• Find the main feeling in the lines before you look at the options.
• Use the key words, but check the full meaning.

Quick Revision Points

• There are 9 ras in the classical list.
• श्रृंगार: रति, हास्य: हास, करुण: शोक, रौद्र: क्रोध.
• वीर: उत्साह, भयानक: भय, वीभत्स: जुगुप्सा, अद्भुत: विस्मय, शांत: निर्वेद.
• Ras has four parts: sthayi bhav, vibhav, anubhav and sanchari bhav.
• वात्सल्य ras has the sthayi bhav वत्सलता.

Practice Questions With Answers

1. वीर रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: उत्साह
2. करुण रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: शोक
3. रौद्र रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: क्रोध
4. हास्य रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: हास
5. वीभत्स रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: जुगुप्सा (घृणा)
6. शांत रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: निर्वेद
7. अद्भुत रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: विस्मय
8. भयानक रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
   Answer: भय
9. "खूब लड़ी मर्दानी वह तो झाँसी वाली रानी थी" में कौन-सा रस है?
   Answer: वीर रस
10. वात्सल्य रस का स्थायी भाव क्या है?
    Answer: वत्सलता

How to Practise This Chapter

Practise 10 questions every day and write the steps on paper. Then attempt timed sets from our practice papers and the previous year papers page. See all topics on the General Hindi notes page, read the previous topic Pratyay in Hindi and the next topic Alankar in Hindi.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is ras in Hindi?

Ras is the joy or the feeling that a reader gets from poetry, a story or a play.

How many ras are there?

There are 9 ras in the classical list, and many books add vatsalya and bhakti ras.

What is the sthayi bhav of shringar ras?

The sthayi bhav of shringar ras is rati.

What is the sthayi bhav of karun ras?

It is shok (sorrow).

What is the sthayi bhav of veer ras?

It is utsah (enthusiasm).

What is the sthayi bhav of vibhats ras?

It is jugupsa (disgust).

What is the sthayi bhav of shant ras?

It is nirved (detachment).

What are the four parts of ras?

Sthayi bhav, vibhav, anubhav and sanchari bhav.

How many sanchari bhav are there?

There are 33 sanchari bhav.

Which ras has the sthayi bhav vismay?

Adbhut ras.

Is ras asked in SSC exams?

Yes. Ras and its sthayi bhav are asked in Hindi grammar sections of exams.

How can I identify the ras in a poem?

Find the main feeling, such as love, anger or courage, and match it with the sthayi bhav.